ИНСТИТУТ БИОФИЗИКИ КЛЕТКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ НАУК (ИБК РАН)

Цель исследований группы — интеграция фундаментальных исследований в области молекулярной биологии рака с разработкой новых экспериментальных стратегий на основе нанобиотехнологий для решения актуальных задач современной онкологии.

• Изучение молекулярных и клеточных механизмов цитотоксического действия селен-содержащих соединений органической и неорганической природы in vitro на примере различных раковых клеточных линий млекопитающих.
• Исследование терапевтических свойств нанокомплексов и наночастиц с различными физико-химическими характеристиками на моделях in vitro и in vivo.
• Получение и исследование функций рекомбинантных селенопротеинов млекопитающих на различных моделяхin vitro иin vitro.

В лаборатории поставлен полный цикл всех этапов молекулярных и клеточных работ как с бактериальными культурами, так и с культурами клеток млекопитающих. Основными методами исследования являются рутинное клонирование, выделение нуклеиновых кислот и рекомбинантных белков, аффинная хроматография, ПЦР, ПЦР в реальном времени, вертикальный и горизонтальный электрофорезы, трансформация бактериальных клеток и трансфекция культур млекопитающих.

Разработаны и применяются методы получения и культивирование первичных клеточных нейроглиальных культур различных отделов головного мозга грызунов, а также способы получения и культивирования органотипических срезов коры и ствола мозга.

Широко используются биофизические методы: флуоресцентная и конфокальная микроскопия, позволяющие проводить регистрацию динамики ионов кальция в цитозоле и эндоплазматическом ретикулуме, изменения митохондриального потенциала, выполнять детекцию иммуноцитохимических и гистологических анализов.

Для изучения строения и функций тканей в состоянии нормы, патологии и экспериментальном периоде используется гистологический метод с применением микротома, позволяющего приготовлять тончайшие срезы (5-10 мкм). В лаборатории проводятся исследования in vivo на различных моделях экспериментальных животных, согласно всем правилам и нормам работы с лабораторными животными.

1. Shahriar Sheikhbahaei, Egor A. Turovsky, Patrick S. Hosford, Anna Hadjihambi, Shefeeq M Theparambil, Beihui Liu, Nephtali Marina, Anja G. Teschemacher, Sergey Kasparov, Jeffrey C. Smith, Alexander V. Gourine. Astrocytes modulate brainstem respiratory rhythm-generating circuits and determine exercise capacity. Nature Communications, 2018, 9(1): 370. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02723-6.
2. Marina N., Turovsky E., Christie I.N., Hosford P.S., Hadjihambi A., Korsak A., Ang R., Mastitskaya S., Sheikhbahaei S., Theparambil S.M., Gourine A.V. Brain metabolic sensing and metabolic signaling at the level of an astrocyte. Glia, Jun; 66(6):1185-1199.doi: 10.1002/glia.23283.
3. Turovsky E., Theparambil S.M., Kasymov V., Deitmer J.W., Del Arroyo A.G., Ackland G.L., Corneveaux J.J., Allen A.N., Huentelman M.J., Kasparov S., Marina N., Gourine A.V. Mechanisms of CO2/H+ Sensitivity of Astrocytes. J Neurosci. 2016 Oct 19;36(42):10750-10758.
4. Egor Turovsky, Anastassios Karagiannis, Ana Paula Abdala and Alexander V. Gourine. Impaired CO₂ sensitivity of astrocytes in a mouse model of Rett syndrome. J. Physiol., 2015. 593 (14): 3159-68.
5. Plamena R. Angelova, Vitaliy Kasymov, Isabel Christie, Egor Turovsky, Shahriar Sheikhbahaei, Nephtali Marina, Alla Korsak, Jennifer Zwicker, Anja G. Teschemacher, Gregory D. Funk, Sergey Kasparov, Andrey Y. Abramov, Alexander V. Gourine. Functional oxygen sensitivity of astrocytes. J. Neurosci., 2015. 35(29): 10460-73.
6. Varlamova EG, Gudkov SV, Blinova EV, Blinov DS, Turovsky EA. Anticancer signal transduction pathways of selenium nanoparticles in mouse colorectal cancer model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025 May 7;769:151962. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.151962. Epub ahead of print.
7. Varlamova EG, Burmistrov DE, Gudkov SV, Rogachev VV, Turovsky EA. Comparative analysis of anticancer properties of So and selenium nanoparticles in a thioacetamide-induced HCC model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025 Sep 8;778:152364. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.152364.
8. Turovsky EA, Varlamova EG, Rogachev VV, Gudkov SV. Tellurium nanoparticles produced by laser ablation induce selective anticancer effects via ROS-mediated apoptosis and calcium signaling pathways: In vitro screening. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025 Aug 28;782:152555. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.152555.
9. Varlamova EG, Gudkov SV, Turovsky EA. Opposite Effects of Small and Large Diameter Selenium Nanoparticles on the Redox-Status and Survival of Cortical Cells in Toxic Models In Vitro. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2025 May 29. doi: 10.1007/s12011-025-04682-2.
10. Turovsky EA, Baryshev AS, Plotnikov EY. Selenium Nanoparticles in Protecting the Brain from Stroke: Possible Signaling and Metabolic Mechanisms. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2024 Jan 11;14(2):160. doi: 10.3390/nano14020160.
11. Babenko VA, Varlamova EG, Saidova AA, Turovsky EA, Plotnikov EY. Lactate protects neurons and astrocytes against ischemic injury by modulating Ca²⁺ homeostasis and inflammatory response. FEBS J. 2024 Jan 16. doi: 10.1111/febs.17051.
12. Turovsky, E.A.; Plotnikov, E.Y.; Varlamova, E.G. Regulatory Role and Cytoprotective Effects of Exogenous Recombinant SELENOM under Ischemia-like Conditions and Glutamate Excitotoxicity in Cortical Cells In Vitro. Biomedicines 2024, 12, 1756. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081756
13. Varlamova EG, Kuldaeva VP, Mitina NN, Gavrish MS, Kondakova EV, Tarabykin VS, Babaev AA, Turovsky EA. Generation and Characterization of Three Novel Mouse Mutant Strains Susceptible to Audiogenic Seizures. Cells. 2024 Oct 22;13(21):1747. doi: 10.3390/cells13211747. PMID: 39513854; PMCID: PMC11545774.
14. Varlamova E.G., Turovsky E.A. The Nature of Changes in mRNA Expression and the Relative Con-tent of Selenoproteins in a Mouse Model with TAA-Induced Fibrosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Opera Medica et Physiologica (OM&P). 2024. V. 11 (3), pages 136-151; doi:10.24412/2500-2295-2024-3-136-151
15. Turovsky EA, Plotnikov EY, Simakin AV, Gudkov SV, Varlamova EG. New magnetic iron nanoparticle doped with selenium nanoparticles and the mechanisms of their cytoprotective effect on cortical cells under ischemia-like conditions. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2024 Nov 27:110241. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110241.
16. Varlamova E.G., Gudkov S.V., Turovsky E.A. Differential effect of cerium nanoparticles on the viability, redox-status and Ca2+-signaling system of cancer cells of various origins., Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2024.110261.
17. Varlamova EG, Khabatova VV, Gudkov SV, Turovsky EA. Ca2+-Dependent Effects of the Selenium-Sorafenib Nanocomplex on Glioblastoma Cells and Astrocytes of the Cerebral Cortex: Anticancer Agent and Cytoprotector. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 26;24(3):2411. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032411.
18. Rogachev VV, Goltyaev MV, Varlamova EG, Turovsky EA. Molecular Mechanisms of the Cytotoxic Effect of Recombinant Selenoprotein SELENOM on Human Glioblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 30;24(7):6469. doi: 10.3390/ijms24076469.
19. Varlamova EG, Plotnikov EY, Baimler IV, Gudkov SV, Turovsky EA. Pilot Study of Cytoprotective Mechanisms of Selenium Nanorods (SeNrs) under Ischemia-like Conditions on Cortical Astrocytes. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 30;24(15):12217.
20. Varlamova EG, Uspalenko NI, Khmil NV, Shigaeva MI, Stepanov MR, Ananyan MA, Timchenko MA, Molchanov MV, Mironova GD, Turovsky EA. A Comparative Analysis of Neuroprotective Properties of Taxifolin and Its Water-Soluble Form in Ischemia of Cerebral Cortical Cells of the Mouse. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 14;24(14):11436.
21. Turovsky, E.A.; Tarabykin, V.S.; Varlamova, E.G. Deletion of the Neuronal Transcription Factor Satb1 Induced Disturbance of the Kinome and Mechanisms of Hypoxic Preconditioning. Biology 2023, 12, 1207. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12091207
22. Varlamova, E.G.; Baryshev, A.S.; Gudkov, S.V.; Babenko, V.A.; Plotnikov, E.Y.; Turovsky, E.A. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Protect Cortical Astrocytes from Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation through Activation of the Ca2+ Signaling System. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 14305. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814305
23. Varlamova, E.G.; Baimler, I.V.; Gudkov, S.V.; Turovsky, E.A. Comparative Study of the Anticancer Effects of Selenium Nanoparticles and Selenium Nanorods. Regulation of Ca2+ Signaling, ER Stress and Apoptosis. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 10763. https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910763
24. 1Varlamova, E.G.; Borisova, E.V.; Evstratova, Y.A.; Newman, A.G.; Kuldaeva, V.P.; Gavrish, M.S.; Kondakova, E.V.; Tarabykin, V.S.; Babaev, A.A.; Turovsky, E.A. Socrates: A Novel N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea-Induced Mouse Mutant with Audiogenic Epilepsy. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 17104. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242317104
25. Varlamova, E.G.; Goltyaev, M.V.; Rogachev, V.V.; Gudkov, S.V.; Karaduleva, E.V.; Turovsky, E.A. Antifibrotic Effect of Selenium-Containing Nanoparticles on a Model of TAA-Induced Liver Fibrosis. Cells 2023, 12, 2723. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12232723
26. Turovsky EA, Mal’tseva VN, Sarimov RM, Simakin AV, Gudkov SV, Plotnikov EY. Features of the cytoprotective effect of selenium nanoparticles on primary cortical neurons and astrocytes during oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation. Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 2;12(1):1710. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05674-1. 
27. Mal’tseva VN, Goltyaev MV, Turovsky EA, Varlamova EG. Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Selenium-Containing Agents: Their Role in the Regulation of Defense Mechanisms against COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Feb 21;23(4):2360. doi: 10.3390/ijms23042360.
28. Varlamova, E.G.; Goltyaev, M.V.; Turovsky, E.A. The Role of Selenoproteins SELENOM and SELENOT in the Regulation of Apoptosis, ER Stress and Calcium Homeostasis in the A-172 Human Glioblastoma Cell Line. Biology 2022, 11, 811. https://doi.org/10.3390/ biology11060811
29. Varlamova EG, Goltyaev MV, Simakin AV, Gudkov SV, Turovsky EA. Comparative Analysis of the Cytotoxic Effect of a Complex of Selenium Nanoparticles Doped with Sorafenib, «Naked» Selenium Nanoparticles, and Sorafenib on Human Hepatocyte Carcinoma HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jun 14;23(12):6641.
30. Varlamova EG, Gudkov SV, Plotnikov EY, Turovsky EA. Size-Dependent Cytoprotective Effects of Selenium Nanoparticles during Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation in Brain Cortical Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jul 5;23(13):7464. doi: 10.3390/ijms23137464.
31. Turovsky EA, Golovicheva VV, Varlamova EG, Danilina TI, Goryunov KV, Shevtsova YA, Pevzner IB, Zorova LD, Babenko VA, Evtushenko EA, Zharikova AA, Khutornenko AA, Kovalchuk SI, Plotnikov EY, Zorov DB, Sukhikh GT, Silachev DN. Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles afford neuroprotection by modulating PI3K/AKT pathway and calcium oscillations. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18(14):5345-5368. doi:10.7150/ijbs.73747.
32. Blinova E, Turovsky E, Eliseikina E, Igrunkova A, Semeleva E, Golodnev G, Termulaeva R, Vasilkina O, Skachilova S, Mazov Y, Zhandarov K, Simakina E, Belanov K, Zalogin S, Blinov D. Novel Hydroxypyridine Compound Protects Brain Cells against Ischemic Damage In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 26;23(21):12953.
33. Mal’tseva VN, Gudkov SV, Turovsky EA. Modulation of the Functional State of Mouse Neutrophils by Selenium Nanoparticles In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Nov 7;23(21):13651.
34. Varlamova, E.G.; Khabatova, V.V.; Gudkov, S.V.; Plotnikov, E.Y.; Turovsky, E.A. Cytoprotective Properties of a New Nanocomplex of Selenium with Taxifolin in the Cells of the Cerebral Cortex Exposed to Ischemia/Reoxygenation. Pharmaceutics 2022, 14, 2477.
35. Varlamova, E.G.; Plotnikov, E.Y.; Turovsky, E.A. Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 Protects Cortical Neurons from Hyperexcitation and Ca2+ Overload during Ischemia by Protecting the Population of GABAergic Neurons. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 15675. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415675
36. Turovsky, E.A.; Varlamova, E.G.; Gudkov, S.V.; Plotnikov, E.Y. The Protective Mechanism of Deuterated Linoleic Acid Involves the Activation of the Ca²⁺ Signaling System of Astrocytes in Ischemia In Vitro. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 13216. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413216.
37. Varlamova, E.G.; Turovsky, E.A.; Babenko, V.A.; Plotnikov, E.Y. The Mechanisms Underlying the Protective Action of Selenium Nanoparticles against Ischemia/Reoxygenation Are Mediated by the Activation of the Ca²⁺ Signaling System of Astrocytes and Reactive Astrogliosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 26;22(23):12825. doi: 10.3390/ijms222312825.
38. Turovsky, E.A.; Turovskaya, M.V.; Dynnik, V.V. Deregulation of Ca2+-signaling systems in white adipocytes, manifested as the loss of rhythmic activity, underlies the development of multiple hormonal resistance at obesity and type 2 diabetes. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 5109.
39. Turovsky, E.A.; Turovskaya, M.V.; Fedotova, E.I.; Babaev, A.A.; Tarabykin, V.S.; Varlamova, E.G. Role of Satb1 and Satb2 transcription factors in the glutamate receptors expression and Ca²⁺ signaling in the cortical neurons in vitro. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 5968. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115968.
40. Varlamova, E.G.; Turovsky, E.A. The main cytotoxic effects of methylseleninic acid on various cancer cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 6614. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126614.
41. Turovsky, E.A.; Varlamova, E.G.; Plotnikov, E.Y. Mechanisms Underlying the Protective Effect of the Peroxiredoxin-6 Are Mediated via the Protection of Astrocytes during Ischemia/Reoxygenation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 8805. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168805.
42. Turovsky EA, Varlamova EG, Turovskaya MV. Activation of Cx43 Hemichannels Induces the Generation of Ca²⁺ Oscillations in White Adipocytes and Stimulates Lipolysis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 28;22(15):8095. doi: 10.3390/ijms22158095.
43. Varlamova EG, Goltyaev MV, Mal’tseva VN, Turovsky EA, Sarimov RM, Simakin AV, Gudkov SV. Mechanisms of the Cytotoxic Effect of Selenium Nanoparticles in Different Human Cancer Cell Lines. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021 Jul 21;22(15):7798. doi: 10.3390/ijms22157798.
44. Turovsky, E.A.; Varlamova, E.G. Mechanism of Ca²⁺-Dependent Pro-Apoptotic Action of Selenium Nanoparticles, Mediated by Activation of Cx43 Hemichannels. Biology 2021, 10, 743. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10080743.
45. Varlamova, E.G.; Turovsky, E.A., Blinova E.V. Therapeutic Potential and Main  Methods of Obtaining Selenium Nanoparticles. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 10808. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910808.